Sunday, 31 July 2011

What are some of the major types of lead acid batteries?

Batteries are divided in two ways, by application (what they are used for) and construction (how they are built). The major applications are automotive, marine, and deep-cycle. Deep-cycle includes solar electric (PV), backup power, and RV and boat "house" batteries. The major construction types are flooded (wet), gelled, and AGM (Absorbed Glass Mat). AGM batteries are also sometimes called "starved electrolyte" or "dry", because the fibreglass mat is only 95% saturated with Sulphuric acid and there is no excess liquid. Flooded may be standard, with removable caps, or the so-called "maintenance free" (that means they are designed to die one week after the warranty runs out). All gelled are sealed and a few are "valve regulated", which means that a tiny valve keeps a slight positive pressure. Nearly all AGM batteries are sealed valve regulated (commonly referred to as "VRLA" - Valve Regulated Lead-Acid). Most valve regulated are under some pressure - 1 to 4 PSI at sea level.

BOSCH 2 607 335 037 Power Tool Battery

Images TypeVoltageCapacity Length(mm) weight Colour Price
Replacement Power Tool Battery for BOSCH 2 607 335 037
Code: TBS011
Ni-Cd9.6V1500mAH108.66x53.00x104.70 575.51g Black £22.54
Replacement Power Tool Battery for BOSCH 2 607 335 037
Code: TBS012
Ni-Cd9.6V1700mAH108.66x53.00x104.70 612.36g Black £23.61
Replacement Power Tool Battery for BOSCH 2 607 335 037
Code: TBS013
Ni-Cd9.6V2000mAH108.66x53.00x104.70 652.05g Black £25.40
Replacement Power Tool Battery for BOSCH 2 607 335 037
Code: TBS014
Ni-MH9.6V2200mAH108.66x53.00x104.70 652.05g Black £25.40
Replacement Power Tool Battery for BOSCH 2 607 335 037
Code: TBS015
Ni-MH9.6V3000mAH108.66x53.00x104.70 685g Black £34.01
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Friday, 29 July 2011

How to connect a battery in Parallel?

The positive terminal of the first battery is connected to the positive terminal of the second battery, the positive terminal of the second is connected to the positive of the third, etc. The negative terminal of the first battery is connected to the negative terminal of the second battery, the negative terminal of the second is connected to the negative of the third, etc. So the batteries are connected: + to + to + and - to - to -. In this configuration, the capacity is the sum of the capacities of the individual batteries and voltage is unchanged. For example, if you take 5 6V 10AH batteries and connect the batteries in series, you would end up with a battery array that is 30 Volts and 10AH. If you connect the batteries in parallel, you would end up with a battery array that is 6 Volts and 50AH. By the way, this is how ordinary auto batteries are made. 6 2volt cells are put in series to give 12v battery and the 6 cells are just enclosed in one case. Many ni-cad batteries are done the same way.

Monday, 11 July 2011

How does the Battery Work

The idea behind a battery is very simple. It is the idea that electricity will flow between two different metals if they are placed against each other. It is very easy to test this idea. Take a clean penny and a clean dime. To make sure they are clean, wash them first with hot water. Lay the two coins against each other. Holding them between your fingers, place the tip of your tongue against the two edges. It will taste very bitter. The bitter taste is the electricity flowing between the penny and the dime. Volta did not think of this idea by himself.

He got the idea from another Italian named Luigi Galvani. Galvani did an experiment with a freshly killed frog. He connected a piece of zinc and a piece of copper to the ends of a wire, then touched the frog's leg with the wire. He was very surprised when the leg snapped back. Since the frog was dead, Galvani could not explain why its leg had moved. Volta explained that electricity had made the frog's leg move. This electricity passed from the zinc through the wire to the copper and through the frog's body.

The frog's leg had jumped for the same reason we jump when we receive an electric shock. From this idea, Volta was able to make the first battery. He lined up some discs of zinc and copper. He placed a piece of cloth soaked in sulfuric acid (which is a good conductor of electricity) between zinc and copper discs. He did this until he had a line of many zinc and copper discs, all separated by pieces of cloth soaked in sulfuric acid. He then attached a wire at one end of his battery to the zinc disc and another wire at the other end to the copper disc. When he touched the two wires together a red spark jumped between them. This spark showed him that electricity was flowing through the wires from the battery.

Friday, 8 July 2011

10 Ways To Increase Laptop’s Battery Life

Mobile computing has got better with lighter components, better chips and faster processors. But the Achilles heel of a laptop has remained its battery. So here are we are going to look at ways to increase laptop battery life.

Modern graphic intensive operating systems and resource hungry applications are cutting down the life of your laptop’s battery every day. The average battery life per continuous use still stands at a maximum of three to four hours. So, a fast depleting battery could very swiftly put the crutches on your ‘mobile’ road trip.

Falling just short of carrying an extra pack of batteries in the back-pack, are several ways to keep the juice flowing through the batteries.

1. Ship shape with a defrag

Regular defragmentation helps to arrange data more efficiently thus making the hard drive work less to access the data. The quicker the moving hard drive works lesser is the load placed on the battery. Thus, your batter can last longer. The effect is minimal, but this efficiency goes hand in glove with hard drive maintenance.

2. Kill the resource gobblers

End the background processes that are not vital. Monitor the resource usage through a ‘Ctrl-Alt-Del’ which brings up the Windows Task Manager (in Windows). If you’re not on the internet, it is safe to shut down the immediate non-essential programs running in the taskbar like the antivirus and the firewall. Weed out unnecessary programs running as start-ups by launching the System Configuration Utility from Run – Msconfig – Tab: Startup. Uncheck the programs which you don’t want to launch and reboot the computer once.

3. Pause the scheduled tasks

It may be a defrag or a virus scan, but make sure it is scheduled for a time when you are near a power outlet. If not then nix them for the moment.

4. Unplug external devices

USB devices are the biggest drainers of battery power. Unplug all external devices like an external mouse, PC cards, Wi-Fi, external speakers, Bluetooth and even an attached iPod.

5. Empty the CD/DVD Drives

Even if you don’t intend to use it, don’t leave any CD/DVDs as leftovers in the drives. A spinning drive sucks battery power like a sponge.

6. Go local

Desist using the DVD/external drives while running on batteries. Shift the content to the hard drive or run using (free) virtual drives like Pismo File Mount or even Microsoft’s Virtual CD ROM Control Panel.

7. Lower the lights

The LCD screen of a laptop is another huge power sink. Calibrate the brightness to the lowest level you can tolerate using the Function key toggles or using the Display Settings applet in the Control Panel.

8. Kill the sounds

Mute the speakers and try avoiding the use of multimedia software to maximize the battery life. Installed sound schemes also drain a battery perceptibly.

9. Rid the screensaver

To maximize battery life by a little, switch off the screensaver.

10. Visit Power Options

Get familiar with power management through the ‘Power Options’ applet in the Control Panel. Both XP and Vista come with advanced power management features which shut off components like the monitor and/or the hard drive after specified intervals. This again depends on the chosen ‘Power Schemes’ (for XP) in the same applet. For instance in XP, ‘Max Battery’ under Power Schemes can be selected for maximum battery optimization.

Friday, 1 July 2011

why the laptop battery can not charge to 100% capacity

I have discharged the battery to zero volts, and fully discharge and fully charge as your instruction, but why the laptop battery can not charge to 100% capacity?

The laptop battery pack is made up of several cells. If you discharge the battery to zero, what will most likely happen is that one or more of the cells will "reverse" because they are weaker than the other cells. The reversed cell begins to accept a "backwards" charge from the other better charged cells around it. This will kill the battery. So we should stop the discharge at one point, rather than letting the pack slump down to zero volts.

In the meantime, when the laptop battery is at its full capacity, we should not plug the AC adapter to trickle charge the battery. It will overcharge the battery.

Note:

Overdischarge and overcharge the laptop battery will damage the battery.